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BOOK 1 · UNIT 5

Lesson 19 — The Train's Been Delayed

听懂延误信息并说明影响

完整课文

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Lesson 19 — The Train's Been Delayed

火车晚点了

本课只有一个现实任务：从公告中提取延误、站台和替代路线信息，判断影响，并准确通知正在等你的人。

1. Before You Start

本课目标

学完本课，你能够：

  • 说明交通工具已经晚点；
  • 询问延误时长并理解预计到达时间；
  • 识别站台变化和基础被动信息；
  • 比较等待与改走其他路线；
  • 写一条包含变化、影响、决定和新到达时间的消息。

热身

  1. “晚点35分钟”是否等于“新到达时间一定晚35分钟”？还需要核对什么？
  2. 通知同伴时，只转发公告截图而不写自己的决定，有什么问题？

场景词汇

  • delay 延误
  • departure / arrival 出发／到达
  • platform 站台
  • estimated 预计的
  • direct train 直达列车
  • local train 站站停列车
  • maintenance 维护
  • announcement 公告；广播

2. Main Conversation

A change at Riverton Central

Daniel and Aisha are taking the 10:20 train to Harbor City for a weekend design and photography fair. Their host expects them at noon.

Part A — Reading the change

Aisha: The board has changed. The train's been delayed.

Daniel: Do we know how long the delay is?

Aisha: Thirty-five minutes. The new departure time is 10:55, and the estimated arrival is 12:05.

Daniel: The platform number is flashing too.

Aisha: Yes. The departure has been moved to Platform 7. Platform 4 is closed for maintenance.

Daniel: Good catch. I was looking at the time, not the platform.

Part B — Comparing the options

Daniel: What are our options?

Aisha: We can wait for the direct train, or take the 10:35 local and change at East Gate.

Daniel: When would the local route arrive?

Aisha: At 12:20, if the connection is on time.

Daniel: Is the 10:35 local definitely on time?

Aisha: It is right now, but the connection at East Gate is only eight minutes.

Daniel: That's not much time if the station is busy.

Daniel: Then waiting is still faster, and we won't have to change trains with our bags.

Aisha: Agreed. I'll let our host know. How about: “Our train has been delayed by thirty-five minutes. We're staying on the direct service and should arrive at 12:05.”

Daniel: Add the new platform in case she checks the train status.

Aisha: Done. Now let's go to Platform 7.

They reach the new platform before boarding begins. Their host replies that 12:05 still works.

The direct train arrives at 12:05. Daniel and Aisha meet the host and attend the fair; the delay update is fully closed.

Check the story

  1. What was the original departure time?
  2. How long is the delay?
  3. What are the new departure and estimated arrival times?
  4. Why has the platform changed?
  5. What is the alternative route?
  6. Why do Daniel and Aisha decide to wait?
3. 中文译文需要时展开

在 Riverton Central 遇到变更

丹尼尔和艾莎准备乘坐10点20分的火车前往 Harbor City，参加周末的设计与摄影展。接待他们的人预计两人中午到达。

Part A — 看懂变更信息

艾莎： 显示屏变了。火车晚点了。

丹尼尔： 知道会晚多久吗？

艾莎： 三十五分钟。新的发车时间是10点55分，预计12点05分到达。

丹尼尔： 站台号码也在闪。

艾莎： 对。发车站台改到7号了，4号站台因维修关闭。

丹尼尔： 幸亏你注意到了。我刚才只在看时间，没有看站台。

Part B — 比较可选方案

丹尼尔： 我们有哪些选择？

艾莎： 可以等这趟直达车，也可以坐10点35分的慢车，再到 East Gate 换乘。

丹尼尔： 走慢车那条路线什么时候到？

艾莎： 如果接驳车准点，就是12点20分。

丹尼尔： 10点35分的慢车确定准点吗？

艾莎： 目前是准点，不过在 East Gate 只有八分钟换乘时间。

丹尼尔： 如果车站人多，八分钟可不宽裕。

丹尼尔： 那还是等直达车更快，而且我们不用拖着行李换车。

艾莎： 同意。我通知一下接待我们的人。这样写怎么样：“我们的火车晚点了三十五分钟。我们会继续乘坐直达车，预计12点05分到达。”

丹尼尔： 把新站台也加上，以防她查看列车状态。

艾莎： 加好了。现在去7号站台吧。

他们在开始检票上车前到达了新站台。接待人回复说12点05分仍然没问题。

直达车在12点05分到达。丹尼尔和艾莎见到接待人并参加了展会，这次晚点通知已经完整闭环。

翻译提示：The train's been delayed 强调“晚点这一变化已经发生并影响现在”。Good catch 在这里是“幸亏你发现了／注意到了”，不是“接得好”。

4. Read, Notice, Understand

A. Departure board

Service Destination Scheduled Status Platform
HC 220 Harbor City 10:20 Delayed—departs 10:55; arrives 12:05 7
EG 118 East Gate local 10:35 On time; connection arrives Harbor City 12:20 2
AP 410 Airport 10:45 Canceled —

回答：

  1. Which service has been delayed?
  2. Which service has been canceled?
  3. Does the local route arrive earlier than the delayed direct train?
  4. Which platform should Daniel and Aisha use?

B. Station notice

PLATFORM NOTICE
Platform 4 is closed from 9:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. for scheduled maintenance. Harbor City departures use Platform 7 during this period. Follow the temporary yellow signs.

从通知中提取：关闭地点、关闭时段、原因、临时站台和标志颜色。

C. 公告事实与个人决定

公告提供 what changed；给同伴的消息还应加入 what we decided 和 what this means for you。不要把尚未确定的替代路线写成已经作出的决定。

5. What People Actually Say

本课负荷说明

本课有6项全新主动表达：第1—6项。第7—10项帮助理解公告和评估影响。

1. The train's been delayed.

火车已经晚点。train's 在这里是 train has，不是所有格。

2. Do we know how long the delay is?

知道会延误多久吗？比只问 Why? 更直接获取行动所需信息。

3. The departure has been moved to …

出发站台／时间已经改到……。后面必须说清是站台还是时间。

4. What are our options?

我们有哪些选择？用于信息不足时邀请对方列出可行方案。

5. We can take the … instead.

我们可以改坐……。是替代方案，不等于已经决定。

6. I'll let … know.

我会通知……。后面应真正发送消息，不能只把它当作空承诺。

7. The estimated arrival is …

预计到达时间是……。estimated 表示可能继续变化。

8. Platform 4 is closed.

4号站台关闭。基础被动聚焦当前状态，不必知道是谁关闭。

9. If the connection is on time, …

如果接驳准点，……。说明替代路线的条件，不把预测说成确定事实。

10. That still works.

那仍然可以。对方确认变化后的安排仍可接受。

Don't Say It That Way

容易说出的句子 更自然的表达 原因
The train delayed. The train has been delayed. 需要表达当前结果的完整形式
How many late? How long is the delay? 询问延误时长
We take local. (尚未决定) We can take the local instead. 区分方案与决定
Maybe noon. The estimated arrival is 12:05. 转告公告中的可核对时间

6. Grammar Refresh — 现在完成结果与基础被动

1. 现在完成时连接过去变化和当前结果

The board has changed.
Our train has been delayed.

变化发生在刚才，结果影响现在的行动。标题中的缩略形式是：

The train**'s been** delayed. = The train has been delayed.

2. 被动把结果放在前面

Platform 4 is closed.
The departure has been moved to Platform 7.

公告重点是站台和出发安排发生了什么，而不是执行动作的人。本课只要求理解和使用这些高频结果形式，不扩展完整被动时态表。

3. 主动与被动

The station has moved the departure. (主动，强调station)
The departure has been moved. (被动，强调departure)

快速练习

  1. The train __________ been delayed. (has / is)
  2. Platform 2 __________ closed today. (is / has)
  3. The departure has been __________ to Platform 6. (move / moved)
  4. The board __________ changed. (has / is)
  5. Complete the contraction: train's been = train __________ been.

7. Sound Natural — train's与关键信息重音

本课网页已配有完整对话、逐句播放和影子跟读。重点听延误时间、站台变化、预计到达时间和方案比较。

The train's been delayed 中的 's 很轻，重点落在结果：

The train's been DELAYED.
moved to Platform SEVEN
estimated arrival: TWELVE OH FIVE

录音

先读原信息，再读变化：

10:20, Platform 4 → 10:55, Platform 7
arrival 11:30 → estimated arrival 12:05

回听时确认：旧信息和新信息不会被听反。

8. Practice

A. 理解检查

  1. The train originally leaves at 10:55.
  2. The direct train is delayed by 35 minutes.
  3. Platform 7 is closed for maintenance.
  4. The local route requires a change at East Gate.
  5. The local route is faster.
  6. Their host accepts the new arrival time.

B. 从公告提取变化

根据第3部分写四句：

  1. 原出发时间与新出发时间；
  2. 延误时长；
  3. 新站台及旧站台状态；
  4. 预计到达时间。

C. 选择路线

在以下条件下分别选择直达或local，并说明一个理由：

  1. You have two heavy bags and no strict deadline.
  2. The direct train is delayed by 90 minutes; the local connection arrives 30 minutes earlier.
  3. The local connection is not confirmed.

材料不足时可以说需要更多信息，不强行猜测。

D. 通知同伴

给正在Harbor City等候的Sam写45—65词英文消息，包括原时间、延误、新站台、你的决定和预计到达时间。Sam随机回复“12:05可以”或“我12:00后必须离开”，你再写25—45词回应。

E. 陌生公告

让伙伴只读一次：

The 2:15 bus to Lake Road has been delayed by twenty minutes. It will now leave from Bay 9, not Bay 6. The express bus at 2:30 is on time but does not stop at Lake Road.

不看文字，复述所有变化并说明哪辆车真正到Lake Road。真人代读只能用于排练，不算正式陌生声音测评。

F. 独立录音

用第3部分公告录60—90秒：说明变化、比较两条到Harbor City的路线、作出决定并通知等待者。

G. Lesson 17间隔检索

遮住第17课，只读英文情境。

  1. At a crowded food hall, check whether an empty-looking chair is already in use.
  2. The chair is free. Ask politely whether sitting there would bother the person beside it.
  3. A visitor asks to use the outlet beside you. Give clear permission.
  4. At a clinic, comment that the waiting area has more people than it normally does.
  5. A stranger stopped writing to answer your question. End politely and say you will let the person continue.
  6. End a short conversation with someone about to board a bus.

9. Make It Yours

现实任务

制作一张含三班车的出发板，让伙伴暗中改变其中两项：时间、站台、取消或到达时间。你只有30秒查看，然后完成60—120秒说明和决定。

至少自然使用本课6项新表达中的5项。

调解任务

把一份交通公告转告给不在现场的人。消息必须区分：公告事实、你的选择、对方需要采取的行动。原材料没有说明的退款、原因或保证不得添加。

三天后的复习

不看本课，根据一张陌生出发板回答：What changed? What are the options? What will you do? Who needs to know?

10. Answer Key点击展开

Check the story

  1. 10:20.
  2. Thirty-five minutes.
  3. 10:55 and 12:05.
  4. Platform 4 is closed for maintenance.
  5. Take the 10:35 local and change at East Gate.
  6. It still arrives earlier and avoids a transfer with bags.

Read, Notice, Understand

  1. HC 220. 2. AP 410. 3. No. 4. Platform 7.
    Notice: Platform 4; 9:00 a.m.–1:00 p.m.; scheduled maintenance; Platform 7; yellow signs.

Grammar Refresh

  1. has 2. is 3. moved 4. has 5. has

A. 理解检查

  1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T

B. 参考

The train was scheduled to leave at 10:20, but it now leaves at 10:55. It has been delayed by thirty-five minutes. The departure has been moved to Platform 7 because Platform 4 is closed. The estimated arrival is 12:05.

D. 参考消息

Hi Sam, our 10:20 train to Harbor City has been delayed by thirty-five minutes and moved from Platform 4 to Platform 7. We considered the local train, but we're waiting for the direct service because it still arrives earlier. Our estimated arrival is 12:05. I'll update you if that changes.

G. Lesson 17间隔检索参考

  1. Is this seat taken?
  2. Do you mind if I sit here?
  3. Go ahead.
  4. It's busier than usual today.
  5. I'll let you get back to your writing.
  6. Have a good trip.

开放题必须依据公告；合理替代决定可以不同，但要说明条件和影响。

11. Self-check

为每项选择：能做到／还不稳定／需要重学。

  • 我能区分原时间、新时间、延误时长和预计到达。
  • 我能识别站台变化与基础被动表达。
  • 我知道 train's been 中的 's 是 has。
  • 我能比较等待与替代路线，不把方案说成已经决定。
  • 我能把公告事实、个人决定和对同伴的影响写清楚。
  • 我不会给公告添加没有证据的原因、退款或保证。

如果有两项以上选择“需要重学”，重做第3部分和第7部分B、D、E。