本课目标

学完本课，你能够：

• 自然询问两个人是怎样认识的；
• 区分故事中的背景动作和已完成事件；
• 用 was / were + 动词-ing + when + 一般过去时 讲述相识经过；
• 追问事情发生的时间和结果；
• 完成一段60—120秒的相识故事，并回应未预告的追问；
• 写一条50—70词的实用回复，向朋友说明你与某人怎样认识。

热身

先想一想，不必写完整答案：

1. 你是否曾在一个意外的地方遇见认识同一人的两位朋友？
2. 讲“我们怎样认识”时，哪些信息是背景，哪个动作真正让两个人开始交谈？

场景词汇

• arts center 艺术中心
• poster-making workshop 海报制作工作坊
• direction sign 方向指示牌
• events board 活动公告栏
• recognize 认出；辨认出
• point the wrong way 指错方向

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One workshop and one wrong sign

Daniel visits his cousin Lena at Harbor Street Arts Center. Aisha is reading the public events board in the lobby. When Lena walks over, she and Aisha recognize each other immediately.

Daniel: Aisha? Hi. I didn't expect to see you here.

Aisha: Hi, Daniel. I was checking the events board when Lena came over.

Lena: And I recognized her from a workshop.

Daniel: Wait—I didn't know you two knew each other. How do you two know each other?

Aisha: We met at a public poster-making workshop here.

Daniel: When did you meet?

Lena: Two weeks ago. Aisha was looking for Room 204 when I saw her in the lobby.

Aisha: And Lena was putting up direction signs when I came in. I asked her where the class was.

Lena: One of my signs was pointing toward the wrong stairs, so my answer wasn't very helpful.

Aisha: We were walking upstairs when we noticed the mistake.

Daniel: What happened then?

Lena: We fixed the sign and found the right room.

Daniel: How did that go?

Aisha: Fine. We laughed about it and talked on the way. The workshop started a few minutes later.

Daniel: So that's how you met.

Aisha: Exactly.

Daniel: What were you talking about?

Aisha: Mostly design work and why I signed up for the class.

Lena: I asked about her freelance work, and she asked about the center. That was our whole conversation.

Daniel: I was imagining a secret project that everyone knew about except me.

Aisha: Sorry to disappoint you. We recognized each other, that's all.

Lena: No secret project. Just one workshop, one wrong sign, and a short conversation.

Daniel: Still—small world. My neighbor and my cousin met before I introduced them.

Aisha: Now you know.

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Check the story

先不看译文，回答下面的问题：

1. Where are Daniel, Aisha and Lena talking?
2. When did Aisha and Lena meet?
3. What was Aisha doing when Lena saw her?
4. What was Lena doing when Aisha came in?
5. What was wrong with one of Lena's signs?
6. Did Aisha and Lena start a project together?

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本课负荷说明

本课展示九项核心表达。其中六项是全新的主动项目：I didn't know you two knew each other、How do you two know each other?、We met at…、I was …-ing when…、What happened then?、That's how we met.

Small world 按高频回应唤醒；When did you…? 和 How did that go? 分别来自第2课的CH014、CH015，本课只做自然迁移，不计入新负荷。标题中的 knew 作为整个词块的一部分学习，本课不展开“时态呼应”或间接转述规则。

1. I didn't know you two knew each other.

我原来不知道你们俩认识。看到两个自己认识的人互相打招呼时，可以用它自然表达意外。语气随意到中性，适合朋友、同事和熟人。

I didn't know you two knew each other. Did you work together?

2. How do you two know each other?

你们俩是怎么认识的？询问两个人之间的认识途径。语气友好、中性；不要把它说得像在审问。

How do you two know each other—from work?

3. We met at …

我们是在……认识的。用一个地点或活动给出简洁答案。

We met at a cooking class.

4. I was …-ing when …

我当时正在……，这时……。用于先给正在进行的背景，再说发生的短事件。

I was waiting for the bus when Sam started talking to me.

5. What happened then?

然后发生了什么？用于请对方继续讲下一个事件。中性、自然，适合多数日常故事。

You found the right building. What happened then?

6. That's how we met.

我们就是这样认识的。用来收束相识经过，语气随意到中性。

We ended up sharing a table. That's how we met.

7. Small world.

世界真小。发现两段人际关系意外相连时的简短回应。随意、友好，不适合严肃或负面的巧合。

You know my old neighbor? Small world.

8. When did you …?

你什么时候……的？来自第2课，用来追问已完成事件的时间。

When did you meet Lena?

9. How did that go?

后来怎么样？来自第2课，用来追问一次经历的结果或整体情况。

You went to the workshop? How did that go?

Don't Say It That Way

容易说出的句子	更自然的表达	原因
How do you know together?	How do you two know each other?	know each other 表示“互相认识”
Where did you know her?	Where did you meet her?	首次认识通常用 meet
I looked for the room when she saw me.	I was looking for the room when she saw me.	持续背景用过去进行时更清楚
We are knowing each other from work.	We know each other from work.	know 通常不用进行时表示关系状态

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本课只有一个主要语法系统：一般过去时与过去进行时共同讲故事。过去进行时建立当时正在进行的背景，一般过去时指出发生并完成的短事件。

1. 过去进行时：当时正在发生的背景

结构是：

was / were + 动词-ing

• I / he / she / it was looking.
• you / we / they were walking.

Aisha was looking for the room.
Lena was putting up signs.

这里的动作在故事中的某个时刻仍在进行，不强调它何时开始或结束。

2. 一般过去时：发生并完成的事件

Lena saw Aisha.
Aisha asked for help.
They fixed the sign.

这些动作用来推进故事。如果是不规则动词，要使用过去式，如 see → saw、come → came、meet → met。

3. 把两者放在一起

常用顺序是：

背景动作（过去进行时） + when + 短事件（一般过去时）

Aisha was looking for Room 204 when Lena saw her.
Lena was putting up signs when Aisha came in.
They were walking upstairs when they noticed the mistake.

也可以先说短事件：

Lena saw Aisha when she was looking for Room 204.

重点不是机械决定哪一半必须放前面，而是分清哪个动作是背景、哪个事件推进了故事。

4. 询问当时的背景

What were you doing when Lena saw you?
Where was Aisha going when she noticed the sign?

不要说：What did you doing…?

本课边界

本课不教授过去完成时。故事时间已经由 two weeks ago、when、then 说清时，使用一般过去时和过去进行时就足够。

快速练习

选择括号中正确的形式。

1. Aisha was in the middle of her search when Lena saw her. She (looked / was looking) for Room 204.
2. Lena was halfway through the job when Aisha came in. She (put / was putting) up signs.
3. They were halfway up the stairs when they noticed the mistake. They (walked / were walking) upstairs.
4. Use the completed-event viewpoint: at exactly 2:05, the workshop (started / was starting).
5. The teacher arrived while your activity was already in progress. What (did you do / were you doing) at that exact moment?
6. Daniel was halfway through a notice when Aisha waved to him. He (read / was reading) it.

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本课网页已配有完整对话、逐句播放和影子跟读。重点听一般过去时推进事件、过去进行时交代背景时的节奏差异。

自然语流中，过去进行时里的 was / were 通常不承载故事重点，会读得较轻；真正推进故事的事件词更容易获得重音：

I was LOOKING for the room when LENA SAW me.
We were WALKING UPSTAIRS when we NOTICED the sign.
Lena was putting up signs when Aisha CAME IN.

常见的自然弱读接近：

• was → /wəz/
• were → /wər/

不必刻意把它们读得含糊。目标是让背景平稳，让新发生的事件更清楚。

朗读与自录

按意群朗读，再录下自己的版本：

I was checking the map / when someone asked me for help.
We were waiting outside / when the door opened.
She was putting up a sign / when I walked in.

回听时检查：was / were 是否抢走了重音？听者能否听出哪件事推动了故事？

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A. 理解检查

判断正误。正确写 T，错误写 F。

1. Daniel already knew that Aisha and Lena knew each other.
2. Aisha and Lena met two weeks before the present conversation.
3. Aisha was looking for an office when Lena saw her.
4. Lena was putting up direction signs at the time.
5. They noticed that a sign pointed toward the wrong stairs.
6. Aisha and Lena are already working on a project together.

B. 选择正确的故事时态

选择最合适的形式。

1. I was already at the door, in the middle of waiting, when Priya spoke to me. I (waited / was waiting) for a class.
2. Treat the conversation as one complete event: after class, we (talked / were talking) for ten minutes and then said goodbye.
3. Marco (dropped / was dropping) his keys while he was opening the door.
4. I came in while your conversation was already in progress. What (did you talk / were you talking) about at that exact moment?
5. All the lights suddenly (went / were going) out at once while we were watching the film.
6. Use the continuing-background viewpoint: she began scanning the name tags at 2:00 and was still doing it at 2:05. She (looked / was looking) at them when she recognized an old coworker.
7. First they (found / were finding) the room; then they sat down together.
8. Ask about a completed introduction, not a scheduled appointment: who (did you meet / were you meeting) at the workshop last Saturday?

C. 合并背景与短事件

使用 when 把每组信息合成一句话。先写背景动作，再写短事件。

1. Nina was waiting for coffee. / Omar said hello.

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2. We were looking at the class list. / The door opened.

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3. I was walking into the library. / Someone called my name.

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4. Leo was putting chairs away. / He found a lost phone.

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D. 选择合适的核心表达

从方框中选择表达完成对话。每项只用一次。

I didn't know you two knew each other · How do you two know each other · We met at · What happened then · That's how we met · Small world · When did you meet · How did that go

1. A: Mia, this is my neighbor, Joel.
   B: We've met before.
   A: Really? ________________________________.

2. A: __________________________________________?
   B: We both took the same evening class.

3. A: Where did you first meet?
   B: ________________________________ a photography walk.

4. A: __________________________________________?
   B: Last October.

5. A: I was carrying some boxes when Kai held the door for me.
   B: __________________________________________?
   A: We started talking and realized that we were going to the same event.

6. A: You took an evening class with Joel. __________________________________________?
   B: It was great. We both learned a lot.

7. A: We took the bus home together. __________________________________________.
   B: That's a nice story.

8. A: My new coworker is your old neighbor.
   B: __________________________________________.

E. 独立阅读：另一段相识经过

这段短帖不是主对话的一部分。

Priya's post
I arrived early for a community cooking class last Saturday. I was reading the room list when another visitor, Marco, asked me where Room 3 was. I didn't know either, so we checked the building map together. We found the room and sat at the same table. During the class, we discovered that we both worked near Central Station. That's how we met.

回答问题：

1. Why was Priya in the building?
2. What was she doing when Marco spoke to her?
3. Did Priya know where Room 3 was at first?
4. How did they find the room?
5. What did they discover during the class?

F. 实用写作：回复朋友的问题

一位朋友发来消息：

I saw you talking to Alex yesterday. How do you two know each other?

写一条50—70词的英文回复。说明：

• 你们在哪里、什么时候认识；
• 当时你正在做什么；
• 哪个短事件让你们开始交谈；
• 后来发生了什么。

可以写真实经历，也可以写合理的原创情境；不要暴露自己不愿分享的私人信息。

G. Delayed retrieval from Lesson 8

Close Lesson 8 and do not look at this lesson's answer key. Read only the new situations below. Start speaking within five seconds. No target wording or first letters are provided.

1. A teammate thinks you want a shorter event. You actually mean that the event can stay the same length, but it needs an earlier start time. Signal that you are going to explain the idea differently, then state the corrected plan.
2. You tell a friend that Noah and Priya met at work. They show you a message saying the two met at a class. Admit that your understanding was wrong, then give the correct place.

H. 随机追问

先讲一段30—45秒的原创相识经过，再让学习伙伴或语音助手随机选择下面两张英文卡片，只读问题，不提前告诉你卡片编号。你必须立即回答，不要重录开头。

Card A: When did this happen?
Card B: What were you doing just before you met?
Card C: What happened then?
Card D: How did that go?
Card E: Did you talk again that day?

如果独自学习，可以把五张卡片分别写在纸条上，翻面打乱后抽取。语音助手只用于制造未预告问题；合成声音不能算正式陌生声音听力证据。

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60—120秒相识故事

选择一段真实经历或合理的原创故事。只写五个提示词，不写完整句子，然后录音：

1. 先说明人物、时间和地点；
2. 用过去进行时说明至少一个背景动作；
3. 用一般过去时说明让两个人开始交谈的短事件；
4. 按顺序补充两至三个已完成动作；
5. 用一句话收束相识经过；
6. 回答两项随机追问。

至少自然使用两项本课新表达。也可以使用旧表达 When did you…? 或 How did that go?；如果故事涉及已经改变的旧习惯，可选用第1课的 used to，但它不是本课的新语法，也不是完成任务的必要条件。

自查方法

回听时给句子做两种标记：

• B：背景动作，应该使用 was / were + -ing；
• E：推进故事的完成事件，通常使用一般过去时。

如果每个动作都用了同一种时态，先判断它是背景还是事件，再录第二版。

三天后的间隔复习

三天后，不看第4、5部分，在60—90秒内完成：

你在一次社区活动中意外认识了一个人。说明你当时正在做什么、哪个短事件使你们开始交谈、之后发生了什么，以及你们是怎样认识的。

录完后随机回答：When did this happen? / How did that go? 保留两次录音，比较第二次是否更快进入故事、背景与事件是否更清楚。

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为每一项选择：能做到／还不稳定／需要重学。

• 我能自然询问两个人是怎样认识的。
• 我能用一般过去时讲推动故事向前的已完成事件。
• 我能用过去进行时交代某个事件发生时的背景动作。
• 我能正确使用 was / were + 动词-ing + when + 一般过去时。
• 我能追问相识的时间、下一步和结果。
• 我能根据非主对话短帖提取相识经过。
• 我能写一条50—70词的回复，讲清认识某人的经过。
• 我能完成60—120秒讲述，并回答两项未预告追问。
• 我知道本课不要求过去完成时，也没有把 used to 当作新语法。
• 我完成了网页正常对话和逐句跟读，并能在不看文字时说清Aisha与Lena怎样认识。

如果有两项以上选择“需要重学”，先重做第5部分和第7部分B、C，再隔一天完成第8部分的第二次录音。